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1. 复旦大学上海医学院,上海 200032
2. 复旦大学附属肿瘤医院乳腺外科,复旦大学上海医学院肿瘤学系,上海 200032
[ "杜心悦(ORCID:0009-0006-4878-837X),博士研究生。" ]
柳光宇(ORCID:0000-0001-5464-4395),主任医师,教授,博士研究生导师,复旦大学附属肿瘤医院乳腺外科副主任.
收稿:2024-10-31,
修回:2025-01-27,
纸质出版:2025-06-30
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杜心悦, 邬思雨, 柳光宇. 乳腺癌术后孤立腋窝淋巴结复发的临床特征与治疗进展[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2025,35(6):592-600.
Xinyue DU, Siyu WU, Guangyu LIU. Clinical characteristics and treatment advances in isolated axillary lymph node recurrence after breast cancer surgery[J]. China Oncology, 2025, 35(6): 592-600.
杜心悦, 邬思雨, 柳光宇. 乳腺癌术后孤立腋窝淋巴结复发的临床特征与治疗进展[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2025,35(6):592-600. DOI: 10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2025.06.009.
Xinyue DU, Siyu WU, Guangyu LIU. Clinical characteristics and treatment advances in isolated axillary lymph node recurrence after breast cancer surgery[J]. China Oncology, 2025, 35(6): 592-600. DOI: 10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2025.06.009.
乳腺癌术后孤立腋窝淋巴结复发(axillary recurrence,AR)是影响患者预后的关键因素之一。随着诊疗技术的进步,临床对AR的认识逐渐加深,但由于AR发生率较低,目前关于其临床特征的系统性研究仍然有限。ACOSOG Z0011、AMAROS等高质量临床研究证实,在不同前哨淋巴结状态的患者中,腋窝淋巴结清扫(axillary lymph node dissection,ALND)与前哨淋巴结切除(sentinel lymph node dissection,SLND)在AR控制方面的效果均相当。近年来,腋窝手术去侵袭化的趋势推进了靶向腋窝淋巴结清扫等低创伤手段的诞生。SOUND试验进一步表明,对于肿瘤直径≤2 cm的患者,豁免腋窝手术是安全且可行的。一系列临床研究已识别出了多种潜在的高危因素,包括患者年龄、阳性淋巴结数量、Ki-67增殖指数高、淋巴结外侵犯以及腋窝软组织浸润,然而这些因素与AR的关系并不完全清楚。本综述全面梳理AR的临床特征、高危因素及个体化管理策略,重点探讨不同腋窝手术方式、放疗与系统治疗对AR风险的影响。此外,未来亟待开展更多高质量临床研究,进一步明确AR的预后因素,优化个体化治疗方案,从而为AR患者提供更精准的管理策略。
Isolated axillary recurrence (AR) after breast cancer surgery is one of the critical factors influencing patients’ prognosis. With advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic techniques
the clinical understanding of AR has progressively deepened. However
due to the low incidence of AR
systematic studies on its clinical features remain limited. High-quality clinical trials
such as ACOSOG Z0011 and AMAROS
have demonstrated that in patients with varying statuses of sentinel lymph node
axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) and sentinel lymph node dissection (SLND) provide comparable control of AR. In recent years
the trend towards de-escalation axillary surgery has advanced the development of less invasive techniques such as targeted axillary lymph node dissection. The SOUND trial further confirmed the safety and feasibility of omitting axillary surgery in patients with tumors ≤2 cm. In addition
a series of clinical studies have identified a variety of potential high-risk factors
including patient age
number of positive lymph nodes
high Ki-67 proliferation
extranodal extension
and axillary soft tissue infiltration. However
there is no broad consensus regarding the association of these factors with AR. This review comprehensively summarized the clinical characteristics
risk factors and personalized management strategies of AR
with an emphasis on the impact of different axillary surgical approaches
radiotherapy and systemic therapy on the AR risk. In addition
more high-quality clinical studies are urgently needed to further clarify prognostic factors and optimize individualized treatment strategies
so as to provide more precise management for patients.
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