Background and purpose: Neuromuscular blocking agent may affect the application of nerve monitoring during thyroidectomy. Therefore this study aimed at evaluating the effect of sugammadex on rocuronium bromide in nerve monitoring during thyroidectomy. Methods: A total of 75 patients undergoing elective radical thyroidectomy were randomly divided into two groups: A

induction with rocuronium bromide 0.6 mg/kg and reversal with sugammadex during the operation; B

induction with rocuronium bromide 0.3 mg/kg and reversal with physiological saline during the operation. Tracheal intubation time

counts of the intraoperative body movements

postoperative complications and the monitoring values of recurrent laryngeal nerve and vagus nerve were recorded. Results: The intubation time of A group ［(193±73) min］was significantly longer than that of the B group ［(113±66) min］(P=0.000)

and the B group also had more intraoperative body movements (P=0.022). After sugammadex treatment

the values of recurrent laryngeal nerve and vagus nerve were significantly higher than the basal value in the A group (P=0.026

P=0.032). There was no significant difference in postoperative complications between the two groups. Conclusion: Induction with 0.6 mg/kg rocuronium bromide and reversal with sugammadex in the operation can make sure of the safety in anesthesia induction and the effectiveness of recurrent laryngeal nerve monitoring during thyroid surgery.