中国癌症杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 506-516.doi: 10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2023.05.011
收稿日期:
2022-09-02
修回日期:
2022-11-23
出版日期:
2023-05-30
发布日期:
2023-06-16
通信作者:
聂建云(ORCID: 0000-0003-3691-8940),博士,主任医师,云南省肿瘤医院(昆明医科大学第三附属医院)副院长。
作者简介:
陈君瑶(ORCID: 0000-0002-8096-3936),硕士在读,住院医师。
CHEN Junyao1(), ZHANG Wentao1, LIU Qiao1, NIE Jianyun2()
Received:
2022-09-02
Revised:
2022-11-23
Published:
2023-05-30
Online:
2023-06-16
Contact:
NIE Jianyun
摘要:
三阴性乳腺癌(triple-negative breast cancer,TNBC)缺乏明确的生物标志物,现有治疗手段以化疗为主,疗效有限且不良反应大。10% ~ 21%的TNBC为老年患者,多伴随心、脑、肾疾病等诸多慢性合并症,对化疗耐受性差,是临床诊疗实践的一大难题。同时,专门针对老年TNBC患者的临床研究较少,导致这部分患者的安全及合理用药缺乏充足的循证医学证据,在疾病诊疗方面存在很多难点和争议。此外,老年TNBC有其特征,非肿瘤因素所致死亡率较高。因此,患者生存获益与生活质量及耐受性之间的平衡尤为重要。本文主要针对老年TNBC的流行病学、疾病生物学行为及特征、诊疗现状及未被满足的治疗需求等进行总结分析,并初步探索新型抗体药物偶联物(antibody-drug conjugate,ADC)在老年TNBC中的获益,以期为老年TNBC系统治疗策略的选择提供参考。
中图分类号:
陈君瑶, 张文涛, 刘巧, 聂建云. 老年三阴性乳腺癌患者的临床困境和系统治疗策略[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2023, 33(5): 506-516.
CHEN Junyao, ZHANG Wentao, LIU Qiao, NIE Jianyun. Clinical dilemma and systemic treatment strategy of triple-negative breast cancer in the elderly[J]. China Oncology, 2023, 33(5): 506-516.
表1
晚期TNBC治疗相关研究汇总"
Study | Regimen | Line of therapy | Elderly patient n (%) | Primary endpoint result | TEAE (grade≥3)/% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CALG-B[ | Paclitaxel | ≥1 | ≥65 years old: 272/1 048 (26%) | Objective response: 1st is 37% (95% CI: 33%-41%); 2nd is 24% (95% CI: 20%-29%) | Leucocytopenia (P=0.009 9), neutropenia (P=0.022), anorexia (P=0.028), increased bilirubin (P=0.003 5), neurotoxicity (P<0.000 1) |
EMBRACE[ | Eribulin vs TPC | ≥2 | Median age: 55 years old (27-85 years old) | OS: 13.1 months vs 10.6 months (HR=0.81,95% CI: 0.66-0.99, P=0.041); PFS: 3.7 months vs 2.2 months (HR=0.87, 95% CI: 0.71-1.05, P=0.137) | Neutropenia (45% vs 21%), leucopenia (14% vs 6%), asthenia/fatigue (9% vs 10%), peripheral neuropathy (8% vs 2%) |
LOTUS[ | Ipatasertib + paclitaxel vs placebo + paclitaxel | 1 | ≥50 years old: 51/124 (41%) | PFS: 6.2 months vs 4.9 months (HR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.37-0.98, P=0.037) | 54% vs 42% |
IMpassion130[ | Atezolizumab + nab-paclitaxel vs placebo + nab-paclitaxel | 1 | ≥65 years old: 219/902 (24%) | PD-L1 + (immune cell expression≥1%) PFS: 7.5 months vs 5.3 months (HR=0.63, 95% CI: 0.50-0.80, P<0.000 1); PD-L1 + (immune cell expression≥1%) OS:25.4 months vs 17.9 months (HR=0.67, 95% CI: 0.53-0.86) | 49% vs 43% |
IMpassion131[ | Atezolizumab + paclitaxel vs placebo + paclitaxel | 1 | PD-L1 + (immune cell expression≥1%) PFS: 6.0 months vs 5.7 months (HR=0.82, 95% CI: 0.60-1.12, P=0.20); PD-L1 + (immune cell expression≥1%) OS: 22.1 months vs 28.3 months (HR=1.11, 95% CI: 0.76-1.64) | 53% vs 46% | |
KEYNOTE-355[ | Pembrolizumab + TPC vs placebo + TPC | 1 | ≥65 years old: 180/847 (21%) | PD-L1 + (combined positive score≥10) PFS: 9.7 months vs 5.6 months (HR=0.65, 95% CI: 0.49-0.86, P=0.001 2); PD-L1 + (combined positive score≥10) OS: 23.0 months vs 16.1 months (HR=0.73, 95% CI: 0.55-0.95, P=0.009 3) | 68% vs 67% |
OlympiAD[ | Olaparib vs TPC | 1-3 | ≥65 years old: 15/302 (5%) | TNBC PFS: 5.6 months vs 2.9 months (HR=0.43, 95% CI: 0.29-0.63); TNBC OS: 17.4 months vs 14.9 months (HR=0.93, 95% CI: 0.62-1.43) | 38% vs 49.5% |
EMBRACA[ | Talazoparib vs TPC | 1-4 | ≥65 years old: 37/431 (8%) | TNBC PFS: 5.8 months vs 2.9 months (HR=0.60, 95% CI: 0.41-0.87, P=0.075); OS:19.3 months vs 19.5 months (Whole population: HR=0.848, 95% CI: 0.55-1.06, P=0.17; TNBC: HR=0.899, 95% CI: 0.63-1.28) | 55% vs 38% |
表2
ADC研究汇总表"
Regimen | Line of therapy | elderly patients n (%) | Primary endpoint result | TEAE (grade≥3)/% |
---|---|---|---|---|
SG vs TPC[ | 3 | ≥65 years old: 44/235 (19%) | ORR: 35% vs 5%; (Elderly subgroup: 50% vs 0%); PFS: 5.6 months vs 1.7 months (HR=0.39, 95% CI: 0.31-0.49, P<0.001); Elderly subgroup: 7.1 months vs 2.4 months (HR=0.22, 95% CI: 0.12-0.40); OS: 12.1 months vs 6.7 months (HR=0.48, 95% CI: 0.38-0.59, P<0.001); Elderly subgroup: 15.3 months vs 8.2 months (HR=0.37, 95% CI: 0.22-0.64) | 64% vs 47% |
T-DXd (DS-8201)[ | 7.5 | Elderly proportion currently unknown, 7 (HER2 low-TNBC) | ORR: 14.3% | 63% (neutropenia, interstitial pneumonia) |
T-DXd (DS-8201)[ | 5 | Elderly proportion currently unknown, 15 (HER2 low-TNBC) | ORR: 40%; PFS: 3.5 months; OS: 6.6 months | |
T-DXd (DS-8201) vs TPC[ | 3 | Elderly proportion currently unknown, 40 (HER2 low-TNBC) | ORR: 50% vs 16.7%; PFS: 8.5 months vs 1.9 months (HR=0.46, 95% CI: 0.24-0.89); OS: 18.2 months vs 8.3 months (HR=0.48, 95% CI: 0.24~0.95) | 52.6% vs 67.4% (fatal adverse events: pneumonia [2 patients (0.5%)] and ischemic colitis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, dyspnea, febrile neutropenia, and sepsis [1 patient each (0.3%)] |
DS-1062[ | 3 | Elderly proportion currently unknown, 44 | ORR: 34% | 45% (neutropenia, stomatitis) |
RC-48[ | ≥3 (25%) | Elderly proportion currently unknown, 2 (HER2 low-TNBC) | ORR: 39.6% (HER2 low, include HR+, TNBC); PFS: 5.7 months (HER2 low, include HR+,TNBC) | 45.8% (neutropenia, hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity) |
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