Abstract: Compared with adults differentiated thyroid cancer (aDTC), children differentiated thyroid cancer (cDTC) exhibit differences in pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and long-term outcomes. However, previous guidelines for the management of thyroid nodules and cancers were based on the evidence of aDTC. The American Thyroid Association (ATA) children guidelines provide recommendations for the evaluation and management of cDTC to help guide the clinical decisions. This article interprets the pathology and clinical outcomes of cDTC, risk stratification, postoperative assessments, decisions regarding ¹³¹I therapy and follow-up in ATA children guidelines as well as updated literature about cDTC in recent years.

Key words: Management guidelines for children with thyroid cancer, Differentiated thyroid cancer, Radioactive iodine therapy, Research progress