局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌患者新辅助免疫治疗联合化疗后行根治性手术的术后病理学缓解程度及影响因素分析

廖梓伊; 彭杨; 曾蓓蕾; 马影颖; 曾丽; 甘科论; 马代远

doi:10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2024.07.006

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌患者新辅助免疫治疗联合化疗后行根治性手术的术后病理学缓解程度及影响因素分析

论著 | 更新时间：2025-12-31

- 局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌患者新辅助免疫治疗联合化疗后行根治性手术的术后病理学缓解程度及影响因素分析
- Analysis of pathological remission degree and influencing factors of radical surgery after neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
- 中国癌症杂志 2024年34卷第7期页码：669-679
- 作者机构：
  
  川北医学院附属医院肿瘤内科，四川南充 637000
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "廖梓伊（ORCID: 0009-0000-5379-1350），硕士。" ]
  马代远（ORCID: 0000-0002-0757-9487），博士，教授、主任医师。
- 基金信息：
  
  四川省科技计划项目(2022NSFSC1554)
- DOI：10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2024.07.006
  中图分类号： R735.1
- 收稿：2023-11-06，
  
  修回：2024-04-25，
  
  纸质出版：2024-07-30
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
廖梓伊, 彭杨, 曾蓓蕾, 等. 局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌患者新辅助免疫治疗联合化疗后行根治性手术的术后病理学缓解程度及影响因素分析[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2024,34(7):669-679.

Ziyi LIAO, Yang PENG, Beilei ZENG, et al. Analysis of pathological remission degree and influencing factors of radical surgery after neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma[J]. China Oncology, 2024, 34(7): 669-679.
廖梓伊, 彭杨, 曾蓓蕾, 等. 局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌患者新辅助免疫治疗联合化疗后行根治性手术的术后病理学缓解程度及影响因素分析[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2024,34(7):669-679. DOI： 10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2024.07.006.

Ziyi LIAO, Yang PENG, Beilei ZENG, et al. Analysis of pathological remission degree and influencing factors of radical surgery after neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma[J]. China Oncology, 2024, 34(7): 669-679. DOI： 10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2024.07.006.

摘要

背景与目的：

局部晚期食管鳞状细胞癌（locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma，LAESCC）患者新辅助免疫治疗联合化疗（neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy，nICT）后行根治性手术治疗具有较好的有效性和安全性，能够提高患者的病理学完全缓解（pathological complete remission，pCR）率、主要病理学缓解（main pathologic response，MPR）率及R0切除率。新辅助治疗后达到pCR/MPR的患者预后明显优于未达到pCR/MPR的患者，因此寻找pCR/MPR的预测因素有助于筛选联合治疗的优势人群。本研究旨在探讨nICT前后的临床资料对LAESCC患者nICT后行根治性手术的不同病理学缓解程度的预测价值并观察其安全性。

方法：

收集2019年1月—2023年6月于川北医学院附属医院在nICT后行根治性手术的LAESCC患者。收集所有患者的临床资料以及新辅助治疗前后患者的部分血液、炎症和营养学指标，根据新辅助治疗后的不同病理学缓解程度进行分组，通过多组比较方差分析及LSD-

事后检验探索对不同病理学缓解程度具有影响的因素，收集并记录患者新辅助治疗期间的不良反应及最终的手术情况。本研究已获得川北医学院附属医院医学伦理委员会批准（伦理审查编号：2024009）。

结果：

共收集到62例nICT后行根治性手术的LAESCC患者，新辅助治疗期间只有1例患者出现了4级的骨髓抑制表现，其余患者的不良反应均≤2级；手术的R0切除率为98.39%。本研究与川北医学院附属医院既往LAESCC新辅助化疗后行根治性手术治疗的研究相比，在手术时间、术中出血量、术后住院时间及手术并发症等方面未见明显差异。术后的病理学检查结果显示，pCR率为22.58%（14/62），MPR率为40.32%（25/62）。根据术后不同的肿瘤退缩分级（tumor regression grade，TRG），分为TRG1、TRG2和TRG3~4组，3组患者在新辅助治疗前的血小板分布宽度（platelet distribution width，PDW）及新辅助治疗后术前的中性粒细胞-淋巴细胞比值（neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio，NLR）差异有统计学意义（

0.05）。进一步对3组患者在新辅助治疗前的PDW及新辅助治疗后术前的NLR分别进行组内两两比较，发现TRG2组的PDW及NLR均低于TRG3~4组，差异有统计学意义（

0.05）。

结论：

LAESCC患者nICT后行根治性手术可以获得较高的R0切除率、pCR率及MPR率且安全性可靠，新辅助治疗前患者的PDW越低、新辅助治疗后术前患者的NLR越低预示着越好的病理学缓解效果。

Abstract

Background and purpose:

Radical surgery after neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy (nICT) in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (LAESCC) has good efficacy and safety

and it can improve the patients’ pathological complete remission (pCR) rate

main pathologic response (MPR) rate and R0 resection rate. The prognosis of patients with

pCR/MPR after nICT is significantly better compared with patients without pCR. The prognosis of patients achieving pCR/MPR after neoadjuvant therapy has been demonstrated to be significantly better than that of patients with non-pCR/MPR. Therefore

finding predictive factors of pCR/MPR is beneficial for us to screen out the advantageous populations for combination therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the value of clinical data of patients with LAESCC before and after nICT in predicting the degree of remission of different pathologies after radical surgery following neoadjuvant treatment and to observe the safety of the treatment.

Methods:

Data of patients with locally LAESCC who underwent radical surgery after nICT from January 2019 to June 2023 at the Affiliated Hospital of Chuanbei Medical College were collected. The clinical data of all patients as well as some blood

inflammation and nutritional indexes of patients before and after neoadjuvant therapy were collected

and the patients were grouped according to the different degrees of pathological remission after neoadjuvant therapy. Data were analyzed by multi-group comparative analysis of variance (ANOVA) and LSD-t post-hoc test. We explored the factors that had an influence on the different degrees of pathological remission

and collected and recorded the patients’ adverse reactions during neoadjuvant therapy as well as their eventual surgeries.

Results:

Data of 62 patients with LAESCC treated with nICT who underwent radical surgery were collected. Only one patient showed grade 4 myelosuppression during neoadjuvant therapy

and the rest of the patients had adverse reactions ≤grade 2. The R0 resection rate of the surgery was 98.39%. The present study was compared with the previous studies of LAESCC treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by radical surgery performed in Affiliated Hospital of Chuanbei Medical College. Compared with the previous studies conducted in our center

no significant difference was observ

ed in terms of operation time

intraoperative bleeding

postoperative hospitalization time and surgical complications. The postoperative pathologic results showed that the pCR rate was 22.58% (14/62)

and the MPR rate was 40.32% (25/62). According to the different tumor regression grade (TRG) after surgery

patients were divided into 3 groups of TRG1

TRG2 and TRG3-4

and differences in the platelet distribution width (PDW) before neoadjuvant therapy and the preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) after neoadjuvant therapy were statistically significant among the 3 groups (

0.05). Further intra-group two-by-two comparisons of PDW before neoadjuvant therapy and NLR before surgery after neoadjuvant therapy were performed for the three groups of patients

respectively

and it was found that the PDW and NLR in the TRG2 group were lower compared with the TRG3-4 group

and the differences were statistically significant (

0.05).

Conclusion:

Radical surgery after nICT treatment in patients with LAESCC can have high R0 resection rate

pCR rate

MPR rate and reliable safety

and the lower PDW of patients before neoadjuvant therapy and the lower NLR of patients before surgery after neoadjuvant therapy predict better pathological remission efficacy.

关键词

Keywords

references

SUNG H , FERLAY J , SIEGEL R L , et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries [J ] . CA Cancer J Clin , 2021 , 71 ( 3 ): 209 - 249 .

SMYTH E C , LAGERGREN J , FITZGERALD R C , et al. Oesophageal cancer [J ] . Nat Rev Dis Primers , 2017 , 3 : 17048 . DOI: 10.1038/nrdp.2017.48 http://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2017.48

刘宗超 , 李哲轩 , 张阳 , 等 . 2020全球癌症统计报告解读 [J ] . 肿瘤综合治疗电子杂志 , 2021 , 7 ( 2 ): 1 - 14 .

LIU Z C , LI Z X , ZHANG Y , et al. Interpretation on the report of global cancer statistics 2020 [J ] . J Multidiscip Cancer Manag Electron Version , 2021 , 7 ( 2 ): 1 - 14 .

MALTHANER R , WONG R K S , SPITHOFF K , et al. Preoperative or postoperative therapy for resectable oesophageal cancer: an updated practice guideline [J ] . Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) , 2010 , 22 ( 4 ): 250 - 256 . DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2010.02.005 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.clon.2010.02.005

RICE T W , RUSCH V W , APPERSON-HANSEN C , et al. Worldwide esophageal cancer collaboration [J ] . Dis Esophagus , 2009 , 22 ( 1 ): 1 - 8 . DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-2050.2008.00901.x http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-2050.2008.00901.x

ANDO N , KATO H , IGAKI H , et al. A randomized trial comparing postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil versus preoperative chemotherapy for localized advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus (JCOG9907) [J ] . Ann Surg Oncol , 2012 , 19 ( 1 ): 68 - 74 . DOI: 10.1245/s10434-011-2049-9 http://doi.org/10.1245/s10434-011-2049-9

SHAPIRO J , VAN LANSCHOT J J B , HULSHOF M C C M , et al. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus surgery versus surgery alone for oesophageal or junctional cancer (CROSS): long-term results of a randomised controlled trial [J ] . Lancet Oncol , 2015 , 16 ( 9 ): 1090 - 1098 . DOI: S1470-2045(15)00040-6 http://doi.org/S1470-2045(15)00040-6

JOYCE J A , FEARON D T . T cell exclusion, immune privilege, and the tumor microenvironment [J ] . Science , 2015 , 348 ( 6230 ): 74 - 80 . DOI: 10.1126/science.aaa6204 http://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaa6204

KOJIMA T , SHAH M A , MURO K , et al. Randomized phase Ⅲ KEYNOTE-181 study of pembrolizumab versus chemotherapy in advanced esophageal cancer [J ] . J Clin Oncol , 2020 , 38 ( 35 ): 4138 - 4148 .

KATO K , CHO B C , TAKAHASHI M , et al. Nivolumab versus chemotherapy in patients with advanced oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma refractory or intolerant to previous chemotherapy (ATTRACTION-3): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 trial [J ] . Lancet Oncol , 2019 , 20 ( 11 ): 1506 - 1517 . DOI: S1470-2045(19)30626-6 http://doi.org/S1470-2045(19)30626-6

HUANG J , XU J M , CHEN Y , et al. Camrelizumab versus investigator’s choice of chemotherapy as second-line therapy for advanced or metastatic oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCORT): a multicentre, randomised, open-label, phase 3 study [J ] . Lancet Oncol , 2020 , 21 ( 6 ): 832 - 842 .

DE CASTRO JUNIOR G , SEGALLA J G , DE AZEVEDO S J , et al. A randomised phase Ⅱ study of chemoradiotherapy with or without nimotuzumab in locally advanced oesophageal cancer: NICE trial [J ] . Eur J Cancer , 2018 , 88 : 21 - 30 .

ZHANG Z Y , HONG Z N , XIE S H , et al. Neoadjuvant sintilimab plus chemotherapy for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a single-arm, single-center, phase 2 trial (ESONICT-1) [J ] . Ann Transl Med , 2021 , 9 ( 21 ): 1623 . DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-5381 http://doi.org/10.21037/atm-21-5381

LI C Q , ZHAO S G , ZHENG Y Y , et al. Preoperative pembrolizumab combined with chemoradiotherapy for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (PALACE-1) [J ] . Eur J Cancer , 2021 , 144 : 232 - 241 . DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2020.11.039 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2020.11.039

SHAH M A , KENNEDY E B , CATENACCI D V , et al. Treatment of locally advanced esophageal carcinoma: ASCO guideline [J ] . J Clin Oncol , 2020 , 38 ( 23 ): 2677 - 2694 . DOI: 10.1200/JCO.20.00866 http://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.20.00866

LIN J W , HSU C P , YEH H L , et al. The impact of pathological complete response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus [J ] . J Chin Med Assoc , 2018 , 81 ( 1 ): 18 - 24 .

CHEVROLLIER G S , GIUGLIANO D N , PALAZZO F , et al. Patients with non-response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation for esophageal cancer have no survival advantage over patients undergoing primary esophagectomy [J ] . J Gastrointest Surg , 2020 , 24 ( 2 ): 288 - 298 . DOI: 10.1007/s11605-019-04161-9 http://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-019-04161-9

AL-KAABI A , VAN DER POST R S , VAN DER WERF L R , et al. Impact of pathological tumor response after CROSS neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery on long-term outcome of esophageal cancer: a population-based study [J ] . Acta Oncol , 2021 , 60 ( 4 ): 497 - 504 .

RICE T W , ISHWARAN H , FERGUSON M K , et al. Cancer of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction: an eighth edition staging primer [J ] . J Thorac Oncol , 2017 , 12 ( 1 ): 36 - 42 . DOI: S1556-0864(16)31235-7 http://doi.org/S1556-0864(16)31235-7

国家卫生健康委员会 . 食管癌诊疗规范(2018年版) [J ] . 中华消化病与影像杂志(电子版) , 2019 , 9 ( 4 ): 158 - 192 .

National Health Commission . Diagnostic and therapeutic criteria for esophageal cancer (2018 edition) [J ] . Chin J Dig Med Imageology Electron Ed , 2019 , 9 ( 4 ): 158 - 192 .

MANDARD A M , DALIBARD F , MANDARD J C , et al. Pathologic assessment of tumor regression after preoperative chemoradiotherapy of esophageal carcinoma. Clinicopathologic correlations [J ] . Cancer , 1994 , 73 ( 11 ): 2680 - 2686 . DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(19940601)73:11<2680::aid-cncr2820731105>3.0.co;2-c http://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19940601)73:11<2680::aid-cncr2820731105>3.0.co;2-c

BASCH E . New frontiers in patient-reported outcomes: adverse event reporting, comparative effectiveness, and quality assessment [J ] . Annu Rev Med , 2014 , 65 : 307 - 317 . DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-010713-141500 http://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-med-010713-141500

姚鹏 , 别俊 , 李俊峰 , 等 . 信迪利单抗联合白蛋白紫杉醇+奈达铂化疗用于局部晚期食管癌术前新辅助治疗的临床观察 [J ] . 四川医学 , 2023 , 44 ( 6 ): 579 - 584 .

YAO P , BIE J , LI J F , et al. Clinical observation of sintilimab combined with albumin-bound paclitaxel and nedaplatin in preoperative neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced esophageal cancer [J ] . Sichuan Med J , 2023 , 44 ( 6 ): 579 - 584 .

WU Z G , ZHENG Q , CHEN H Q , et al. Efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy in locally resectable advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma [J ] . J Thorac Dis , 2021 , 13 ( 6 ): 3518 - 3528 . DOI: 10.21037/jtd-21-340 http://doi.org/10.21037/jtd-21-340

YANG W X , XING X B , YEUNG S J , et al. Neoadjuvant programmed cell death 1 blockade combined with chemotherapy for resectable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma [J ] . J Immunother Cancer , 2022 , 10 ( 1 ): e003497 .

LIU J , LI J P , LIN W L , et al. Neoadjuvant camrelizumab plus chemotherapy for resectable, locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (NIC-ESCC2019): a multicenter, phase 2 study [J ] . Int J Cancer , 2022, 151 ( 1 ): 128 - 137 .

DENG J H , ZHANG P , SUN Y , et al. Prognostic and clinicopathological significance of platelet to lymphocyte ratio in esophageal cancer: a meta-analysis [J ] . J Thorac Dis , 2018 , 10 ( 3 ): 1522 - 1531 . DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.02.58 http://doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2018.02.58

SUN Y G , ZHANG L F . The clinical use of pretreatment NLR, PLR, and LMR in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: evidence from a meta-analysis [J ] . Cancer Manag Res , 2018 , 10 : 6167 - 6179 . DOI: 10.2147/CMAR.S171035 http://doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S171035

ZHANG H D , SHANG X B , REN P , et al. The predictive value of a preoperative systemic immune-inflammation index and prognostic nutritional index in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma [J ] . J Cell Physiol , 2019 , 234 ( 2 ): 1794 - 1802 . DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27052 http://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.27052

OKADOME K , BABA Y , YAGI T , et al. Prognostic nutritional index, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and prognosis in patients with esophageal cancer [J ] . Ann Surg , 2020 , 271 ( 4 ): 693 - 700 . DOI: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000002985 http://doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0000000000002985

DONSKOV F . Immunomonitoring and prognostic relevance of neutrophils in clinical trials [J ] . Semin Cancer Biol , 2013 , 23 ( 3 ): 200 - 207 . DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2013.02.001 http://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2013.02.001

BALKWILL F , MANTOVANI A . Inflammation and cancer: back to Virchow? [J ] . Lancet , 2001 , 357 ( 9255 ): 539 - 545 . DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04046-0 http://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04046-0

KIDANE D , CHAE W J , CZOCHOR J , et al. Interplay between DNA repair and inflammation, and the link to cancer [J ] . Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol , 2014 , 49 ( 2 ): 116 - 139 .

MIERKE C T . The fundamental role of mechanical properties in the progression of cancer disease and inflammation [J ] . Rep Prog Phys , 2014 , 77 ( 7 ): 076602 .

LABIANO S , PALAZON A , MELERO I . Immune response regulation in the tumor microenvironment by hypoxia [J ] . Semin Oncol , 2015 , 42 ( 3 ): 378 - 386 . DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2015.02.009 http://doi.org/10.1053/j.seminoncol.2015.02.009

MEI Z B , SHI L , WANG B , et al. Prognostic role of pretreatment blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in advanced cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 66 cohort studies [J ] . Cancer Treat Rev , 2017 , 58 : 1 - 13 . DOI: S0305-7372(17)30085-3 http://doi.org/S0305-7372(17)30085-3

TEMPLETON A J , MCNAMARA M G , ŠERUGA B , et al. Prognostic role of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis [J ] . J Natl Cancer Inst , 2014 , 106 ( 6 ): dju124 .

AKCE M , LIU Y , ZAKKA K , et al. Impact of sarcopenia, BMI, and inflammatory biomarkers on survival in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma treated with anti-PD-1 antibody [J ] . Am J Clin Oncol , 2021 , 44 ( 2 ): 74 - 81 .

SEKINE K , KANDA S , GOTO Y , et al. Change in the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio is an early surrogate marker of the efficacy of nivolumab monotherapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer [J ] . Lung Cancer , 2018 , 124 : 179 - 188 . DOI: S0169-5002(18)30529-4 http://doi.org/S0169-5002(18)30529-4

XU J M , LI Y , FAN Q X , et al. Clinical and biomarker analyses of sintilimab versus chemotherapy as second-line therapy for advanced or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a randomized, open-label phase 2 study (ORIENT-2) [J ] . Nat Commun , 2022 , 13 ( 1 ): 857 . DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-28408-3 http://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28408-3

WU X B , HAN R K , ZHONG Y P , et al. Post treatment NLR is a predictor of response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma [J ] . Cancer Cell Int , 2021 , 21 ( 1 ): 356 . DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02072-x http://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-021-02072-x

CHUA W , CHARLES K A , BARACOS V E , et al. Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio predicts chemotherapy outcomes in patients with advanced colorectal cancer [J ] . Br J Cancer , 2011 , 104 ( 8 ): 1288 - 1295 .

LI N , DIAO Z Y , HUANG X Y , et al. Increased platelet distribution width predicts poor prognosis in melanoma patients [J ] . Sci Rep , 2017 , 7 ( 1 ): 2970 . DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03212-y http://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-03212-y

ZHANG H , LIU L , FU S , et al. Higher platelet distribution width predicts poor prognosis in laryngeal cancer [J ] . Oncotarget , 2017 , 8 ( 29 ): 48138 - 48144 . DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18306 http://doi.org/10.18632/oncotarget.18306

CHENG S Q , HAN F Y , WANG Y , et al. The red distribution width and the platelet distribution width as prognostic predictors in gastric cancer [J ] . BMC Gastroenterol , 2017 , 17 ( 1 ): 163 . DOI: 10.1186/s12876-017-0685-7 http://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-017-0685-7

SONG Q , WU J Z , WANG S , et al. Elevated preoperative platelet distribution width predicts poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma [J ] . Sci Rep , 2019 , 9 ( 1 ): 15234 . DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51675-y http://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-51675-y

DUAN H T , WANG T H , LUO Z L , et al. A multicenter single-arm trial of sintilimab in combination with chemotherapy for neoadjuvant treatment of resectable esophageal cancer (SIN-ICE study) [J ] . Ann Transl Med , 2021 , 9 ( 22 ): 1700 . DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-6102 http://doi.org/10.21037/atm-21-6102

DUAN H T , SHAO C J , PAN M H , et al. Neoadjuvant pembrolizumab and chemotherapy in resectable esophageal cancer: an open-label, single-arm study (PEN-ICE) [J ] . Front Immunol , 2022 , 13 : 849984 .

YAN X L , DUAN H T , NI Y F , et al. Tislelizumab combined with chemotherapy as neoadjuvant therapy for surgically resectable esophageal cancer: a prospective, single-arm, phase Ⅱ study (TD-NICE) [J ] . Int J Surg , 2022 , 103 : 106680 .

SALAS-BENITO D , PÉREZ-GRACIA J L , PONZ-SARVISÉ M , et al. Paradigms on immunotherapy combinations with chemotherapy [J ] . Cancer Discov , 2021 , 11 ( 6 ): 1353 - 1367 .

TOPALIAN S L , TAUBE J M , PARDOLL D M . Neoadjuvant checkpoint blockade for cancer immunotherapy [J ] . Science , 2020 , 367 ( 6477 ): eaax0182 .

YAO W , ZHAO X , GONG Y , et al. Impact of the combined timing of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and chemotherapy on the outcomes in patients with refractory lung cancer [J ] . ESMO Open , 2021 , 6 ( 2 ): 100094 .

XING W Q , ZHAO L D , ZHENG Y , et al. The sequence of chemotherapy and toripalimab might influence the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in locally advanced esophageal squamous cell cancer-a phase Ⅱ study [J ] . Front Immunol , 2021 , 12 : 772450 .

YANG Y , LIU J , LIU Z C , et al. Two-year outcomes of clinical N2-3 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy from the phase 2 NICE study [J ] . J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg , 2024 , 167 ( 3 ): 838 - 847 .e1.

SHANG X B , ZHAO G , LIANG F , et al. Safety and effectiveness of pembrolizumab combined with paclitaxel and cisplatin as neoadjuvant therapy followed by surgery for locally advanced resectable (stage Ⅲ) esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: a study protocol for a prospective, single-arm, single-center, open-label, phase-Ⅱ trial (Keystone-001) [J ] . Ann Transl Med , 2022 , 10 ( 4 ): 229 .

浏览量

2484

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

抗EGFR单抗联合免疫检查点抑制剂治疗头颈部鳞状细胞癌专家共识（2025年版）

AK-HER2与参照药治疗HER2阳性转移性乳腺癌患者的疗效、体内代谢特征、安全性和免疫原性比较：一项多中心、随机、双盲Ⅲ期等效性临床试验

食管鳞状细胞癌PD-L1不同抗体免疫组织化学检测的一致性分析

达拉非尼联合曲美替尼用于24例恶性黑色素瘤辅助治疗的回顾性分析

肝动脉栓塞术治疗囊性神经内分泌肿瘤肝转移的疗效及安全性分析