肿瘤类器官研究现状与展望

肖毅; 吴名; 姚刚

doi:10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2024.08.006

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肿瘤类器官研究现状与展望

综述 | 更新时间：2025-12-31

- 肿瘤类器官研究现状与展望
- Research progress and future perspectives of tumor organoid
- 中国癌症杂志 2024年34卷第8期页码：763-776
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 国家自然科学基金委员会医学科学部，北京 100085
  2. 复旦大学附属肿瘤医院乳腺外科，复旦大学上海医学院肿瘤学系，上海 200032
  3. 福建医科大学孟超肝胆医院，福建福州 350025
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "肖毅（ORCID: 0000-0003-2946-9921），副研究员，主治医师。" ]
  姚刚（ORCID: 0009-0002-8914-3173），副研究员，国家自然科学基金委员会医学科学部医学七处肿瘤科学项目主任。
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2024.08.006
  中图分类号： R73-3
- 收稿：2024-05-13，
  
  修回：2024-07-29，
  
  纸质出版：2024-08-30
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
肖毅, 吴名, 姚刚. 肿瘤类器官研究现状与展望[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2024,34(8):763-776.

Yi XIAO, Ming WU, Gang YAO. Research progress and future perspectives of tumor organoid[J]. China Oncology, 2024, 34(8): 763-776.
肖毅, 吴名, 姚刚. 肿瘤类器官研究现状与展望[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2024,34(8):763-776. DOI： 10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2024.08.006.

Yi XIAO, Ming WU, Gang YAO. Research progress and future perspectives of tumor organoid[J]. China Oncology, 2024, 34(8): 763-776. DOI： 10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2024.08.006.

摘要

肿瘤类器官是指来源于患者肿瘤组织的三维结构模型，拥有与亲代肿瘤类似的基因谱系和病理学特征，能够较为准确地模拟肿瘤在体内的微观形态和生长情况，是肿瘤研究的新型体外模型，在研究肿瘤分子生物学特征、高通量筛选药物、指导个体化治疗等方面具有巨大潜力。近年来，细胞共培养、血管化和微流控等技术与类器官模型的融合发展，催生了器官芯片（Organ-on-a-Chip，OoC）等新工具的发展，促进了类器官模型在研究肿瘤耐药机制、筛选敏感药物和指导精准治疗临床试验等肿瘤基础和临床科学研究中的应用。然而，目前类器官模型还存在培养质量不稳定、高通量检测成本高、难以精确模拟肿瘤微环境和空间结构等问题，需要进一步加强研究，克服技术瓶颈，使其更好地应用于肿瘤学研究，进一步提升肿瘤研究水平。本综述对肿瘤类器官的发展历程和最新进展进行总结，在肿瘤类器官的最新应用方面，本文介绍疾病的建模、肿瘤创新药的研发及在个体化治疗方面的应用，并对近期开展的类器官相关临床研究进行汇总；此外，在肿瘤类器官的技术进展方面，本综述详细阐述开发新型培养装置、模拟肿瘤微环境、诱导血管生成等。综上，本综述梳理肿瘤类器官研究的最新进展、不足和未来发展方向，旨在为肿瘤类器官的研究提供参考。

Abstract

Tumor organoids

derived from tumor tissues

are three-dimensional structures created

in vitro

to mimic

in vivo

tumor growth. They possess comparable genetic lineage and pathological characteristics to the original tumor

making them a promising research platform for studying tumor biology. In recent years

significant advancements in techniques such as microfluidics

cell co-culture and vascularization have greatly promoted the development of Organ-on-a-Chip (OoC) and expanded the applications of tumor organoid models in both basic and clinical translational research. These advancements include leveraging tumor organoid models to investigate drug resistance mechanisms

perform drug screening

and facilitate clinical trials of precisional therapy. However

current organoid models still face several limitations

including the instability of cell culture quality

low cost-effectiveness

and the inability to accurately replicate the complex tumor microenvironment and spatial structures. Further research is needed to overcome these technical bottlenecks and improve the application of organoid models in cancer research

thereby further enhancing the depth of tumor research. This review summarized the development history and latest progress of tumor organoids. In terms of the latest applications of tumor organoids

this article reviewed disease modeling

research and development of innovative tumor drugs

and their application in personalized treatment. It also summar

ized the recent clinical researches of organoids; In addition

this review provided a detailed introduction to the technological progress of tumor organoids

including the development of novel culture devices

simulation of tumor microenvironment

and induction of angiogenesis. In summary

this review explored the latest developments

defects and future directions in the research of tumor organoids

aiming to provide reference for the study of tumor organoids.

关键词

Keywords

references

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