2024年中国乳腺癌重要临床研究成果

杨鑫; 史钱枫; 刘强

doi:10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2025.02.003

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2024年中国乳腺癌重要临床研究成果

专家述评 | 更新时间：2025-12-31

- 2024年中国乳腺癌重要临床研究成果
- Progress of important clinical research on breast cancer in China in 2024
- 中国癌症杂志 2025年35卷第2期页码：167-175
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院乳腺外科，广东广州 510120
  2. 中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院乳腺肿瘤中心，广东广州 510120
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "杨鑫（ORCID: 0009-0008-4613-1926），中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院，博士研究生。" ]
  [ "刘强，主任医师，研究员，博士研究生导师，中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院外科主任，逸仙乳腺肿瘤医院执行副院长、乳腺肿瘤中心主任、乳腺外科主任。欧洲肿瘤学院-欧洲肿瘤内科学会年轻乳腺癌国际共识专家组成员，中国临床肿瘤学会乳腺癌专业委员会常务委员兼副秘书长，中国抗癌协会乳腺癌专业委员会常务委员，中国抗癌协会肿瘤分子医学专业委员会常务委员，广东省医学会乳腺病分会主任委员，《中国普通外科杂志》副主编和《中华内分泌外科杂志》副总编辑。曾任美国哈佛大学Dana Farber癌症中心讲师。主持国家自然科学基金重点项目和国际合作重点课题等国家级重大项目，率先开展液体活检和免疫联合治疗在乳腺癌的应用，并发起和制定中国首部年轻乳腺癌诊疗专家共识，2020年获人民日报社主办的“国之名医•优秀风范”荣誉称号。擅长乳腺癌的诊断、手术和综合治疗，尤其高难度保乳手术、年轻乳腺癌和三阴乳腺癌的个体化精准治疗。" ]
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2025.02.003
  中图分类号： R737.9
- 收稿：2025-01-06，
  
  修回：2025-01-31，
  
  纸质出版：2025-02-28
- 稿件说明：
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杨鑫, 史钱枫, 刘强. 2024年中国乳腺癌重要临床研究成果[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2025,35(2):167-175.

Xin YANG, Qianfeng SHI, Qiang LIU. Progress of important clinical research on breast cancer in China in 2024[J]. China Oncology, 2025, 35(2): 167-175.
杨鑫, 史钱枫, 刘强. 2024年中国乳腺癌重要临床研究成果[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2025,35(2):167-175. DOI： 10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2025.02.003.

Xin YANG, Qianfeng SHI, Qiang LIU. Progress of important clinical research on breast cancer in China in 2024[J]. China Oncology, 2025, 35(2): 167-175. DOI： 10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2025.02.003.

摘要

乳腺癌是全球女性患者发病率最高的癌症，严重威胁女性的健康。2024年，中国学者在乳腺癌临床研究的各个方面都有很好的进展：在外科手术方面，新型光学成像技术为手术边缘的准确评估助力，靶向腋窝淋巴结清扫（target axillary dissection，TAD）继续为手术降阶梯治疗提供循证医学证据，影像组学联合人工智能（artificial intelligence，AI）也有助于手术决策。在靶向治疗方面，酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（tyrosine kinase inhibitor，TKI）类药物表现出优秀的临床结局，其中PILHLE-001研究探索了吡咯替尼新的用药亚型，为管腔型/人表皮生长因子受体2（human epidermal growth factor receptor 2，HER2）低表达乳腺癌提供新的治疗思路，安罗替尼和阿帕替尼的疗效和安全性也均可靠；双重靶向HER2方案用于早期HER2阳性患者的新辅助治疗（neoadjuvant therapy，NAT）及辅助治疗较单靶方案组显著获益，提高了患者的生存率；各类抗体药物偶联物（antibody-drug conjugate，ADC）也均展现出良好的临床应用价值，明显改善了患者的生存获益，同时，中国自己研发的新药也走向国际舞台，国际影响力日益增大；此外，免疫治疗和基于复旦分型的精准治疗也均显示出不同程度的生存改善。在化疗方面，研究者探索了不同的NAT策略。在内分泌治疗方面，进一步巩固了CDK4/6抑制剂（CDK4/6 inhibitor，CDK4/6i）在晚期激素受体阳性/HER2阴性乳腺癌中的重要地位，并探讨了既往尚未确定的促性腺激素释放激素激动剂（gonadotrophin releasing hormone analogue，GnRHa）用药剂型等问题。在放疗方面，局部放疗联合靶向治疗显著延长了HER2阳性脑转移乳腺癌患者的生存期，还针对放疗相关心脏毒性不良反应等问题进行了优化。在此，本文总结2024年中国乳腺癌领域重要的临床研究进展，为相关领域的学者提供参考。

Abstract

Breast cancer

is the cancer type with highest incidence rate in women globally. To improve the treatment for breast cancer patients

Chinese scientists have done extensive research on breast cancer. Reviewing the progress made in 2024

Chinese scholars have achieved significant advancements in various aspects of breast cancer research. In the field of surgery

new optical imaging techniques have aided the accurate assessment of surgical margins

and targeted axillary dissection (TAD) continues to provide evidence-based support for de-escalation therapy in surgery. Radiomics combined with artificial intelligence (AI) also assists in surgical decision-making. In targeted therapy

tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have shown excellent clinical outcomes. The PILHLE-001 study explored new subtypes for the use of pyrotinib

offering new therapeutic approaches for luminal/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) low breast cancer. The efficacy and safety of anlotinib and apatinib are also reliable. Dual-targeted HER2 regimens in neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) and adjuvant therapy for early HER2-positive patients have demonstrated significant benefits over single-target regimens

improving survival rates. Various antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have shown significant clinical applicability

enhancing patient survival benefits

and novel drugs developed in China are making their way onto the international stage

increasing their global influence. Additionally

immunotherapy and precision treatment based on Fudan subtypes have shown varied degrees of survival improvement. In chemotherapy

different NAT strategies have been explored

offering more treatment options for doctors and patients. In endocrine therapy

the critical role of CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) in advanced hormone receptor positive/HER2-negative breast cancer has been further solidified

and issues concerning previously undetermined drug formulations of gonadotrophin releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa) have been examined. In radiotherapy

local radiotherapy combined with targeted therapy has significantly extended the survival of HER2-positive breast cancer patients with brain metastases

and optimizations have been made regarding the cardiotoxic side effects associated with radiotherapy. This article summarized the key clinical research on breast cancer in China in 2024

providing a reference for scholars and experts in related fields.

关键词

Keywords

references

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