病毒样颗粒在肿瘤治疗中的应用研究进展及展望

刘春; 陈国心; 李梦甜; 赵钰; 马忠仁; 张海霞

doi:10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2025.06.008

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病毒样颗粒在肿瘤治疗中的应用研究进展及展望

综述 | 更新时间：2025-12-31

- 病毒样颗粒在肿瘤治疗中的应用研究进展及展望
- Research progress and prospects of virus-like particles in tumor therapy
- 中国癌症杂志 2025年35卷第6期页码：585-591
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西北民族大学细胞基质疫苗关键技术与产业化教育部工程研究中心，甘肃兰州 730030
  2. 西北民族大学生物医学研究中心，生物工程与技术国家民委重点实验室，甘肃兰州 730030
  3. 西北民族大学生物医学研究中心，甘肃省动物细胞技术创新中心，甘肃兰州 730030
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "刘春（ORCID: 0009-0000-1405-5609），硕士研究生在读。" ]
  张海霞（ORCID: 0000-0003-1453-6503），博士，副教授。
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2025.06.008
  中图分类号： R730.54
- 收稿：2025-02-28，
  
  修回：2025-04-15，
  
  纸质出版：2025-06-30
- 稿件说明：
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刘春, 陈国心, 李梦甜, 等. 病毒样颗粒在肿瘤治疗中的应用研究进展及展望[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2025,35(6):585-591.

Chun LIU, Guoxin CHEN, Mengtian LI, et al. Research progress and prospects of virus-like particles in tumor therapy[J]. China Oncology, 2025, 35(6): 585-591.
刘春, 陈国心, 李梦甜, 等. 病毒样颗粒在肿瘤治疗中的应用研究进展及展望[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2025,35(6):585-591. DOI： 10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2025.06.008.

Chun LIU, Guoxin CHEN, Mengtian LI, et al. Research progress and prospects of virus-like particles in tumor therapy[J]. China Oncology, 2025, 35(6): 585-591. DOI： 10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2025.06.008.

摘要

病毒样颗粒（virus-like particle，VLP）是由一种或几种病毒结构蛋白组合而成的中空纳米颗粒，其形态结构与天然病毒极其相似，但不包含任何遗传物质。因VLP具有良好的天然免疫原性和安全性，故常被用于肿瘤疫苗的开发。此外，与传统的药物递送载体相比，VLP具有较好的生物相容性，且靶向性强，使得VLP在递送抗肿瘤药物方面备受关注。近年来利用VLP高效递送基因编辑工具，为肿瘤治疗提供了新的可能。VLP可以通过多种机制来抑制肿瘤生长和转移，如VLP可通过激活免疫应答来抑制肿瘤的生长，通过激发机体的免疫系统，促进肿瘤相关抗原的表达，从而增强机体对肿瘤细胞的识别和清除能力等。本文介绍基于不同病毒来源的VLP在预防性或治疗性疫苗以及药物递送载体方面的应用研究进展，并探讨新的开发策略。这些研究不仅可拓宽VLP在抗肿瘤领域的应用范围，也将为未来的研究与应用展现更广阔的前景。

Abstract

Virus-like particles (VLPs) are hollow nanoparticles composed of one or several virus structural proteins

which have a morphological structure similar to natural viruses but do not contain any genetic material. Due to the excellent innate immunogenicity and safety of VLPs

they are often used in the development of tumor vaccines. In addition

compared with traditional drug delivery vectors

VLPs have better biocompatibility and strong targeting ability

making them highly valued in the delivery of anti-tumor drugs. In recent years

the efficient delivery of gene editing tools using VLPs has provided new possibilities for tumor treatment. VLPs can inhibit tumor growth and spread through various mechanisms

such as activating immune responses to suppress tumor growth

stimulating the body's immune system

promoting the expression of tumor associated antigens

and enhancing the body's ability to recognize and clear tumor cells. These studies not only broaden the application scope of VLPs in the field of anti-tumor therapy

but also provide a broader prospect for future research and application. This article reviewed the research progress of VLPs derived from different viruses in preventive or therapeutic vaccines and drug delivery carriers

and explored new development strategies.

关键词

Keywords

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