Background and purpose: To perform whole mount technique in the diagnosis of the prostate cancer could provide orientation to the specimen. Whole mount technique has great value in pathologic diagnosis and morphological research. However

limited by the specimen-making technique

shortage of equipment and heavy workload

this technique has not been generally accepted in China. The aim of this study was to evaluate the significance of whole mount technique in the diagnosis of the prostate cancer by comparing the clinical and pathological variables between whole mount patients and conventional ones after radical prostatectomy (RP). Methods: A total number of 229 patients’ whole mount RP specimens were recruited in the study from Dec. 2012 to Feb. 2014. The control group included 393 patients’ specimens which underwent conventional sampling from Jan. 2010 to Jun. 2012. We compared the clinical and pathological variables between the groups

including age

preoperative PSA level

methods of diagnosis

preliminary diagnostic Gleason score

clinical T stage

postoperative Gleason score

pathological T stage

positive surgical margin

extraprostatic extension

seminal vesicle invasion and pelvic lymph node metastasis. Results: Two groups shared similar preoperative parameters. Also there was no significant difference between the whole mount and the conventional sampling groups in postoperative Gleason score

pathological T stage

extraprostatic extension and pelvic lymph node metastasis. However

positive surgical margin and seminal vesicle invasion rates were much higher in the whole mount group than the control one and both of the differences reached statistical significance (26.2% vs 17.6%

23.1% vs 17.0%; P=0.010

0.025) Conclusion: After compared the clinical and pathological variables

we could conclude that whole mount technique has prevalence in the diagnosis of the positive surgical margin and seminal vesicle invasion compared with the conventional sampling technique. Thus

whole mount technique should be strongly recommended in the diagnosis of prostate cancer.