Abstract:

Hematologic malignancies with solid tumors (HM-ST), a special subtype of multiple primary malignancies (MPMs), are increasingly encountered in clinical practice, posing significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. The two types of tumors exhibit vast differences in biological behavior, treatment strategies, and prognosis. Treatment decisions require comprehensive consideration of prioritization, synchronous/metachronous approaches, and toxicity management. Due to the scarcity of high-quality research data, clinical practice often relies on limited experience. This consensus aimed to integrate the latest international advancements with Chinese clinical practice experience to delineate the definition, classification, epidemiology, pathogenesis [e.g., clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), RNA splicing abnormalities], diagnostic workflow (emphasizing pathology, molecular diagnosis, and advanced imaging techniques such as PET/CT with targeted probes), treatment principles [highlighting multidisciplinary team (MDT) collaboration, treatment prioritization, toxicity management, refined radiotherapy, and the strategy of “treating different diseases with the same method” ], and follow-up management for HM-ST. This consensus specifically puts forward a series of recommendations regarding diagnosis, assessment, treatment, and follow-up, intending to provide clinicians with standardized and practical guidance, optimize individualized management for HM-ST patients, and ultimately improve their prognosis and quality of life. This consensus has been registered on the Practice guideline REgistration for transPAREncy (PREPARE) platform (registration number: PREPARE-2025CN1599).

Key words: Hematologic malignancies, Solid tumors, Multiple primary malignancies, Treatment, Expert consensus