Abstract:

The comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of advanced breast cancer has entered the era of "accurate classification and precise stratification", and is moving towards the road of personalized precision medicine. In 2023, significant breakthroughs have been achieved in the research on different molecular classifications of advanced breast cancer, influencing clinical guidelines and transforming clinical practice. The primary focus of research for hormone receptor positive advanced breast cancer lies in selecting appropriate treatments for patients who have failed cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors. Advanced breast cancer with low human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression has emerged as a promising treatment direction, with T-DXd being an important therapeutic option. With the release of results from the PHILA study, a new era has begun for first-line treatment of HER2-positive advanced breast cancer. Simultaneously, T-DXd has become the preferred choice in clinical practice following tyrosine kinase inhibitor failure. Research related to immune and targeted therapy for advanced triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is also progressing rapidly, yielding positive outcomes in studies such as TORCHILIGHT and BEGONIA. Additionally, ongoing clinical studies on precision treatment based on the "Fudan classification" for TNBC are expected to revolutionize current treatment approaches. This paper summarized major advancements in clinical research on advanced breast cancer in 2023 according to various molecular classifications, aiming to provide improved reference and guidance for clinical management.

Key words: Advanced breast cancer, Clinical study, Research progress