头颈部鳞状细胞癌免疫微环境及其作用机制的最新研究进展及展望

doi:10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2023.06.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

头颈部恶性肿瘤（head and neck cancer，HNC）作为一类常见的恶性肿瘤，至今仍有较高的发病率和死亡率。在HNC中，头颈部鳞状细胞癌（head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma，HNSCC）是最常见的病理学类型。肿瘤微环境（tumor microenvironment，TME）是指肿瘤细胞周围的成分，主要包括免疫细胞、基质细胞、细胞外基质（extracellular matrix，ECM）、血管和淋巴管及其驱动分子。一些针对TME的肿瘤治疗策略已在临床上广泛应用，并产生了显著的治疗效果。更深层次地探索TME中各组分之间的相互作用机制具有重要意义。本文综述了HNSCC的TME中细胞毒性T淋巴细胞（cytotoxicity T lymphocyte，CTL）、CD4⁺ T 淋巴细胞、调节性T细胞（regulatory T cell，Treg）、髓样来源抑制细胞（marrow-derived myeloid cell，MDSC）、自然杀伤（natural killer，NK）细胞、肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（tumor-associated macrophage，TAM）的最新研究进展。本文中总结的研究主要聚焦于如何恢复抗肿瘤细胞活性，以及如何消除Treg等免疫抑制细胞的免疫抑制作用，旨在为研究更有效的HNSCC治疗方法提供新思路。

关键词: 肿瘤微环境, 头颈部鳞状细胞癌, 免疫细胞

Abstract:

Head and neck cancer (HNC) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. The most prevalent pathology among HNC is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The tumor microenvironment (TME) encompasses the components surrounding tumor cells, including immune cells, stromal cells, extracellular matrix (ECM), blood and lymph vessels. Strategies targeting the TME have yielded significant outcomes. Thus, further exploration of the interactions between TME components is crucial. This review discussed recent advances in cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), CD4⁺ T lymphocytes, regulatory T cells (Treg), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC), natural killer (NK) cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) in HNSCC TME. The article summarized herein primarily focused on restoring the activity of anti-tumor cells and eliminating the immunosuppressive effects of Treg and so on, to provide new insights for more effective HNSCC therapy.

Key words: Tumor microenvironment, Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, Immune cells

中图分类号:

R739.91

张少秋, 燕丽, 李瑞辰, 赵阳, 王孝深, 杨旭光, 朱奕. 头颈部鳞状细胞癌免疫微环境及其作用机制的最新研究进展及展望[J]. 中国癌症杂志, 2023, 33(6): 629-636.

ZHANG Shaoqiu, YAN Li, LI Ruichen, ZHAO Yang, WANG Xiaoshen, YANG Xuguang, ZHU Yi. Recent advances and prospect in immune microenvironment and its mechanisms of function in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma[J]. China Oncology, 2023, 33(6): 629-636.

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