Interpretation of US cancer statistics 2023 and its implications for cancer prevention and treatment in China

doi:10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2023.02.004

Abstract

Abstract:

In the year 2023, 1 958 310 new cancer cases and 609 820 cancer deaths are projected to occur in the United States, estimated by Cancer Statistics, published by American Cancer Society. An accelerated decline in mortality rate of cancer continues since it reached the peak in 1991. The treatment advance brought survival benefit to patients which mainly contribute to the decline along with tobacco control and screening. COVID-19 pandemic caused 350 831 mortality and ranked 3rd in cause of death in 2020, and the mortality had a significant increase in multiple causes of death including cancer. By comparing the data of China and the United States released by GLOBOCAN database in 2020, it is found that, although the influence of the pandemic on cancer has not been evaluated. Although the incidence and mortality of cancer differ between US and China, the experiences are worth learning. Improving the standardization of diagnosis and treatment, enhancing the accessibility of cancer health care, upgrading the coverage of screening and increasing the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rate are proven to be effective ways to reduce the mortality of cancer.

Key words: Cancer, Statistics, Mortality rate, Screening, HPV vaccination

CLC Number:

R737.9

ZHOU Changming, WANG Zezhou, ZHENG Ying. Interpretation of US cancer statistics 2023 and its implications for cancer prevention and treatment in China[J]. China Oncology, 2023, 33(2): 117-125.

Figures/Tables 3

Tab. 1

Tab. 2

Tab. 3

References 30

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Rank	Cause of death	2018		2019		2020		Increased number
Rank	Cause of death	Number	Rate (1/10⁵)	Number	Rate (1/10⁵)	Number	Rate (1/10⁵)	2019 vs 2018	2020 vs 2018
-	Total	2 839 205	724.6	2 854 838	715.7	3 383 729	835.2	15 633	528 891
1	Heart disease	655 381	163.8	659 041	161.6	696 962	168.2	3 660	37 921
2	Cancer	599 274	149.2	599 601	146.0	602 350	143.8	327	2 749
3	COVID-19	0	-	0	-	350 831	85.0	0	350 831
4	Accident	167 127	48.0	173 040	49.2	200 955	57.5	5 913	27 915
5	Cerebrovascular disease	147 810	37.2	150 005	37.0	160 264	38.9	2 195	10 259
6	Chronic lower respiratory disease	159 486	39.8	156 979	38.2	152 657	36.4	-2 507	-4 322
7	Alzheimer’s disease	122 019	30.6	121 499	29.9	134 242	32.6	-520	12 743
8	Diabetes	84 946	21.4	87 647	21.6	102 188	24.8	2 701	14 541
9	Influenza and pneumonia	59 120	14.9	49 783	12.3	53 544	13.1	-9 337	3 761
10	Nephropathy	51 386	12.9	51 565	12.7	52 547	12.7	179	982

Type	China				US				ASMR ratio (China vs US)
	Incidence
	Rank	Number	Crude rate (1/10⁵)	ASMR (1/10⁵)	Rank	Number	Crude rate (1/10⁵)	ASMR (1/10⁵)
Total	-	2 464 015	332.1	224.3	-	890 450	543.7	308.7	0.7
Lung cancer	1	539 181	72.7	47.8	2	116 335	71.0	36.3	1.3
Gastric cancer	2	331 629	44.7	29.5	13	15 944	9.7	5.3	5.6
Colorectal cancer	3	319 486	43.1	28.6	3	116 335	71.0	36.3	0.8
Liver cancer	4	302 598	40.8	27.6	10	29 713	18.1	10.4	2.7
Esophageal cancer	5	223 044	30.1	19.7	14	14 384	8.8	4.8	4.1
Prostate cancer	6	115 426	15.6	10.2	1	209 512	127.9	72.0	0.1
Pancreatic cancer	7	70 383	9.5	6.3	9	29 856	18.2	9.5	0.7
Bladder cancer	8	66 242	8.9	5.9	4	61 795	37.7	18.3	0.3
Thyroid cancer	9	53 389	7.2	5.4	15	14 351	8.8	6.1	0.9
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma	10	50 125	6.8	4.8	7	40 733	24.9	14.3	0.3
Type	China				US				ASMR ratio (China vs US)
	Mortality
	Rank	Number	Crude rate (1/10⁵)	ASMR (1/10⁵)	Rank	Number	Crude rate (1/10⁵)	ASMR (1/10⁵)
Total	-	1 814 325	244.5	163.3	-	318 594	194.5	97.1	1.7
Lung cancer	1	471 546	63.6	41.8	1	73 009	44.6	21.9	1.9
Liver cancer	2	288 127	38.8	26.1	5	20 575	12.6	6.8	3.8
Gastric cancer	3	256 512	34.6	22.8	13	6 847	4.2	2.2	10.4
Esophageal cancer	4	206 780	27.9	18.3	8	13 035	8.0	4.2	4.4
Colorectal cancer	5	164 959	22.2	14.8	3	28 899	17.6	9.4	1.6
Pancreatic cancer	6	67 882	9.1	6.0	4	24 933	15.2	7.7	0.8
Prostate cancer	7	51 094	6.9	4.6	2	32 438	19.8	8.2	0.6
Leukemia	8	35 664	4.8	3.8	6	13 859	8.5	4.1	0.9
CNA	9	33 658	4.5	3.3	10	10 230	6.2	3.8	0.9
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma	10	29 721	4.0	2.8	9	12 075	7.4	3.5	0.8

Type	China				US				ASMR ratio (China vs US)
	Incidence
	Rank	Number	Crude rate (1/10⁵)	ASMR (1/10⁵)	Rank	Number	Crude rate (1/10⁵)	ASMR (1/10⁵)
Total	-	2 082 385	295.2	187.3	-	866 471	518.2	290.4	0.6
Breast cancer	1	416 371	59.0	39.1	1	253 465	151.6	90.3	0.4
Lung cancer	2	276 382	39.2	22.8	2	111 540	66.7	30.4	0.8
Colorectal cancer	3	235 991	33.5	19.5	3	73 354	43.9	22.9	0.9
Thyroid cancer	4	167 704	23.8	17.5	6	38 561	23.1	17.4	1.0
Gastric cancer	5	146 879	20.8	12.3	17	10 315	6.2	3.1	4.0
Cervical cancer	6	109 741	15.6	10.7	14	13 545	8.1	6.2	1.7
Liver cancer	7	107 440	15.2	9.0	15	12 571	7.5	3.7	2.4
Esophageal cancer	8	101 378	14.4	8.2	20	3 925	2.3	1.1	7.5
Cervical cancer	9	81 964	11.6	7.6	11	23 820	14.2	8.1	0.9
Pancreatic cancer	10	55 342	7.8	5.3	8	26 798	16.0	7.0	0.8
Type	China				US				ASMR ratio (China vs US)
	Mortality
	Rank	Number	Crude rate (1/10⁵)	ASMR (1/10⁵)	Rank	Number	Crude rate (1/10⁵)	ASMR (1/10⁵)
Total	-	1 178 275	167.0	97.7	-	289 042	172.9	76.6	1.3
Lung cancer	1	243 153	34.5	19.7	1	65 216	39.0	16.4	1.2
Colorectal cancer	2	121 203	17.2	9.4	3	25 544	15.3	6.7	1.4
Gastric cancer	3	117 277	16.6	9.5	15	4 566	2.7	1.3	7.3
Breast cancer	4	117 174	16.6	10.0	2	42 617	25.5	12.4	0.8
Liver cancer	5	103 025	14.6	8.6	7	10 503	6.3	2.8	3.1
Esophageal cancer	6	94 355	13.4	7.4	16	3 174	1.9	0.8	9.0
Cervical cancer	7	59 060	8.4	5.3	12	5 706	3.4	2.1	2.5
Pancreatic cancer	8	53 971	7.7	4.2	4	22 750	13.6	5.6	0.8
Ovary cancer	9	37 519	5.3	3.3	5	14 359	8.6	4.0	0.8
CNS	10	31 546	4.5	3.0	10	7 903	4.7	2.6	1.2